Fountain reference
The parts of a screenplay
A page of a screenplay with each of its parts labelled, and how shots, intercuts and secondary headings are written in Fountain.
On this page
A screenplay is written in a handful of elements, and each one has its own place on the page: the scene heading at the left margin, the character’s name set well in, the dialogue in a narrower column under it. That fixed layout is what lets a reader, and a production, find their way around a script at a glance.
Here is the first page of a short script as Calmly Script prints it, with its parts labelled. Each name leads to the chapter about that part.
FADE IN:
11EXT. LIGHTHOUSE - NIGHT
Waves break on the rocks below the tower. At the top, where the lamp should be turning, there is only dark.
Out at sea, the lights of a fishing boat rise and fall.
22INT. LIGHTHOUSE - STAIRS - CONTINUOUS
NORA (40s, oilskin coat, a torch between her teeth) takes the iron stairs two at a time.
BRAM (V.O.)
Try the fuse box.
She reaches the landing and wrenches a rusted panel open.
NORA
(to the radio)
I know, Bram.
She pulls the fuses one by one, checking each.
CLOSE ON THE FUSE BOX
One fuse is black with soot.
CUT TO:
33EXT. FISHING BOAT - NIGHT
BRAM (60s) holds the radio to his ear, eyes on the tower.
INTERCUT - NORA / BRAM
BRAM
Well?
NORA
It's always the fuse.
She pushes a new one home. Above her, the lamp turns.
- Fade in How most scripts open; here, a line of action
- Scene heading Inside or outside, where and when
- Scene number In both margins, when scenes are numbered
- Action What we see and hear, in the present tense
- Extension Where the voice comes from
- Dialogue What the character says
- Parenthetical How a line is said, or to whom
- Shot Where the camera looks, written as a heading
- Transition How one scene gives way to the next
- Intercut Back and forth between two places
- Character Who speaks, in capitals
You never set a margin or an indent. Every line is one of these elements, and the element decides where it prints. As you write, Enter and Tab choose the element of each new line, most of the time without you having to think about it.
Also on a page
- Page numbers. The first page has none; from the second on, the number is at the top right, followed by a full stop. See How pages are counted.
- (MORE) and (CONT’D), when a speech runs from one page onto the next. Calmly Script adds them; see Character.
- Two characters speaking at once, side by side: see Dual dialogue.
- Songs and centered lines such as THE END: see Lyrics and Centered text.
- The title page, a page of its own before the first: see Title page.
Some parts of a script are for you and never print: acts and sequences (Sections and synopses) and notes (Notes and boneyard).
FADE IN: and FADE OUT.
Most screenplays open with FADE IN: and many end with FADE OUT. They are
not the same element.
FADE IN: is a line of action. It is written at the left margin, where it
prints, and Calmly Script leaves it as action because that is what it is in
Fountain. If you want it against the right margin, make it a transition with
Ctrl+6⌘6; see
Transition.
FADE OUT. is a transition. Typed in capitals with its full stop, it becomes
one as you type, and it prints against the right margin like CUT TO:.
What you type
Above her, the lamp turns.
FADE OUT.How it prints
Above her, the lamp turns.
FADE OUT.
Shots, intercuts and secondary headings
Some parts of a screenplay are not elements of their own, in Fountain or in Calmly Script. They are written as scene headings: a full stop in front makes any line one (see Scene heading). Like every heading, they are listed in the Outline and print with two blank lines above them.
Shots
A shot tells the reader where the camera looks: CLOSE ON, ANGLE ON,
NORA'S POV, INSERT. Write it on a line of its own, in capitals, with the
full stop in front:
What you type
.CLOSE ON THE FUSE BOX
One fuse is black with soot.How it prints
CLOSE ON THE FUSE BOX
One fuse is black with soot.
That is also what a Shot from a Final Draft file becomes when you import it.
If you would rather keep shots out of the Outline, write them as action in capitals instead. They print at the same margin, with one blank line above them instead of two, and never in bold, even when Bold scene headings when printing is on.
Intercuts
When a scene cuts back and forth between two places, such as the two ends of
a phone call, give each place its own heading first. Then a heading that says
INTERCUT lets the rest play as one scene, without a new heading every time
the picture changes sides:
What you type
.INTERCUT - NORA / BRAM
BRAM
Well?
NORA
It's always the fuse.How it prints
INTERCUT - NORA / BRAM
BRAM
Well?
NORA
It's always the fuse.
The full stop is needed here. INTERCUT only begins like INT, and a word
that only begins like one of the openers a heading is recognised by stays
action, as Interior does.
Secondary headings
A new place inside the same location, such as another room of the same house, often gets a short heading with only the place in it:
What you type
.LANTERN ROOM
Nora pushes the new fuse home.How it prints
LANTERN ROOM
Nora pushes the new fuse home.